calculus/materials/02-derivatives-rules.md
2026-01-01 00:00:00 +00:00

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mat-02-derivatives Derivatives: definition and rules

Derivatives

Derivative definition

The derivative at a point is the limit of the difference quotient.

Derivative rules

Key rules include:

  • constant and power rule
  • sum and product rule
  • quotient rule
  • chain rule

Derivatives of common functions

Examples:

  • derivative of x^n
  • derivative of sin x and cos x
  • derivative of e^x and ln x

Tangent line approximation

A derivative gives the slope of the tangent line and supports local linear approximation.

Critical points

Critical points occur where the derivative is zero or undefined (within the domain).